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1
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2
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3
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4
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5
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6
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- I felt then that my brain was
a way station for material going in one ear and (after the test) out the
other. I could memorize very easily and so
became valedictorian, but I was embarrassed even then that I understood
much less than some other students who cared less about grades.
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7
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- *How many buses does the army need to transport 1,128 soldiers if each
bus holds 36 soldiers?”
- Almost one-third of the 8th graders answered the question, “31 reminder
12” (Schoenfeld, 1988, p. 85).
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8
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- It is late April and the panic is beginning to set in. A quick calculation reveals to the
world history teacher that he will not finish the textbook unless he
covers an average of 40 pages per day until the end of school. He decides, with some regret, to
eliminate a mini-unit on the Caribbean and several time-consuming
activities, such as a mock United Nations debate and vote, and
discussions of current international events in relation to the world
history topics students have studied.
To prepare his students for the departmental final exam, the
teacher will need to switch into a fast-forward lecture mode.
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9
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- For two weeks every fall, all the 3rd grade classes participate in a
unit on applies. They engage in a
variety of activities related to the topic:
- Read Johnny Appleseed and view the filmstrip
- Write a creative story & illustrate it in tempera
- Collect leaves from nearby trees & make a giant leaf print collage
on the hallway bulletin board
- Sing songs about apples. (con’t.)
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10
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- Use sense to observe & describe characteristics of different types
of apples.
- “Scale up” an applesauce recipe to make enough for all 3rd graders
- Field trip to local apple orchard where they watch cider made and take a
hayrack ride
- A culminating “applefest” that concludes with selected students reading
their apple stories while everyone eats candy apples.
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11
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- Real knowledge involves using learning in new ways (transfer)
- It symbolizes not one achievement but several and is revealed through
diverse performances and products
- It is not immediate, not a “get it or you don’t,” but a matter or degree.
- It implies the ability to escape
a naïve or inexperienced point of view.
- “Well-intentioned” students can take away lessons that their teacher
never intended.
- Even the best students, who appear to understand material, later reveal
significant misunderstanding of what they learned.
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12
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- It is easy for teachers to use
- It supports student understanding
- It is standards-aligned
- It provides consistency in curriculum design across disciplines
- It focuses on assessment
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13
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14
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15
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16
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17
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18
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19
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20
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21
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22
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23
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24
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25
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26
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27
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28
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29
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Notes
