Lesson 3 Title: Measuring Heat and Temperature
Abstract help
Students will compare and contrast three temperature scales, in terms of their development and units. They will also understand how a thermometer functions to provide an accurate reading of temperature. Additionally, the device for measuring heat, the calorimeter, will be examined. The students will realize that heat and temperature are terms that do not refer to the same concept.
National Standards help
Content Standard A: As a result of activities, students should develop abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry.
Pre-requisite Skills help
1. Internet access skills
2. reference skills
3. mathematical calculation with fractions and decimals
2. reference skills
3. mathematical calculation with fractions and decimals
Teacher Information help
1. Students research the three temperature scales using the references provided above.
2. Students will place significant temperatures (i.e., the freezing point of water)on teacher provided diagrams of the
three thermometers.
3. An alternative assignment would require students to construct graphically the three temperature scales researched.
4. Students will also research the instrument for measuring heat, the calorimeter.
5. They will construct a simple calorimeter (styrofoam cup, lid, thermometer) and use this device to measure the heat required to raise the temperature of a given amount of water (100 mL) by a variable amount of degrees Celsius (10, 20, 40, 50).
6. Students should become familiar with the following vocabulary:
a) temperature
b) Kelvin
c) heat
d) calorie
e) Fahrenheit
f) calorimeter
g) Celsius
h) gram
i) Centigrade
j) absolute zero
7. The suggested resources are as follows:
a) Energy, Temperature and Heat http://www.arts.ouc.bc.ca/geog/G111/5e.html
b) Anders Celsius http://www.energy.ca.gov/education/scientists/celsius.html
c) Celsius Temperature Scale http://users.bart.nl/~sante/engtemp.html
d) Heat Energy and Temperature http://www.math.montana.edu/~frankw/ccp/modeling/continuous/
e) More Units of Heat http://techweb.ceat.okstate.edu/eet/Thermodynamics/chapter1/sld014.htm
f) Temperature http://techweb.ceat.okstate.edu/eet/Thermodynamics/chapter1/sld023.htm
g) Temperature and Heat http://www.hcc.hawaii.edu/hccinfo/instruct/div5/sci/sci122/newton/heat/heattemp.html#temp
8. Materials needed:
a) student computer with internet access
b) additional chemistry references
c) Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin thermometers
d) calorimeters or materials to construct simple calorimeters (styrofoam cups)
e) waterheatflow2/energytemp.htm
2. Students will place significant temperatures (i.e., the freezing point of water)on teacher provided diagrams of the
three thermometers.
3. An alternative assignment would require students to construct graphically the three temperature scales researched.
4. Students will also research the instrument for measuring heat, the calorimeter.
5. They will construct a simple calorimeter (styrofoam cup, lid, thermometer) and use this device to measure the heat required to raise the temperature of a given amount of water (100 mL) by a variable amount of degrees Celsius (10, 20, 40, 50).
6. Students should become familiar with the following vocabulary:
a) temperature
b) Kelvin
c) heat
d) calorie
e) Fahrenheit
f) calorimeter
g) Celsius
h) gram
i) Centigrade
j) absolute zero
7. The suggested resources are as follows:
a) Energy, Temperature and Heat http://www.arts.ouc.bc.ca/geog/G111/5e.html
b) Anders Celsius http://www.energy.ca.gov/education/scientists/celsius.html
c) Celsius Temperature Scale http://users.bart.nl/~sante/engtemp.html
d) Heat Energy and Temperature http://www.math.montana.edu/~frankw/ccp/modeling/continuous/
e) More Units of Heat http://techweb.ceat.okstate.edu/eet/Thermodynamics/chapter1/sld014.htm
f) Temperature http://techweb.ceat.okstate.edu/eet/Thermodynamics/chapter1/sld023.htm
g) Temperature and Heat http://www.hcc.hawaii.edu/hccinfo/instruct/div5/sci/sci122/newton/heat/heattemp.html#temp
8. Materials needed:
a) student computer with internet access
b) additional chemistry references
c) Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin thermometers
d) calorimeters or materials to construct simple calorimeters (styrofoam cups)
e) waterheatflow2/energytemp.htm
Student Activity help
1. Students research the three temperature scales using the references provided
above.
2. Students will place significant temperatures (i.e., the freezing point of water)
on teacher provided diagrams of the three thermometers.
3. An alternative assignment would require students to construct graphically the
three temperature scales researched.
4. Students will also research the instrument for measuring heat, the calorimeter.
5. They will construct a simple calorimeter (styrofoam cup, lid, thermometer) and use this device to measure the heat required to raise the temperature of a given amount of water (100 mL) by a variable amount of degrees Celsius (10, 20, 40, 50).
6. Vocabulary:
a) temperature
b) Kelvin
c) heat
d) calorie
e) Fahrenheit
f) calorimeter
g) Celsius
h) gram
i) Centigrade
j) absolute zero
7. Resources:
The suggested resources are as follows:
a) Energy, Temperature and Heat http://www.arts.ouc.bc.ca/geog/G111/5e.html
b) Anders Celsius http://www.energy.ca.gov/education/scientists/celsius.html
c) Celsius Temperature Scale http://users.bart.nl/~sante/engtemp.html
d) Heat Energy and Temperature http://www.math.montana.edu/~frankw/ccp/modeling/continuous/
e) More Units of Heat http://techweb.ceat.okstate.edu/eet/Thermodynamics/chapter1/sld014.htm
f) Temperature http://techweb.ceat.okstate.edu/eet/Thermodynamics/chapter1/sld023.htm
g) Temperature and Heat http://www.hcc.hawaii.edu/hccinfo/instruct/div5/sci/sci122/newton/heat/heattemp.html#temp
8. Materials needed:
a) student computer with internet access
b) additional chemistry references
c) Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin thermometers
d) calorimeters or materials to construct simple calorimeters (styrofoam cups)
e) waterheatflow2/energytemp.htm
above.
2. Students will place significant temperatures (i.e., the freezing point of water)
on teacher provided diagrams of the three thermometers.
3. An alternative assignment would require students to construct graphically the
three temperature scales researched.
4. Students will also research the instrument for measuring heat, the calorimeter.
5. They will construct a simple calorimeter (styrofoam cup, lid, thermometer) and use this device to measure the heat required to raise the temperature of a given amount of water (100 mL) by a variable amount of degrees Celsius (10, 20, 40, 50).
6. Vocabulary:
a) temperature
b) Kelvin
c) heat
d) calorie
e) Fahrenheit
f) calorimeter
g) Celsius
h) gram
i) Centigrade
j) absolute zero
7. Resources:
The suggested resources are as follows:
a) Energy, Temperature and Heat http://www.arts.ouc.bc.ca/geog/G111/5e.html
b) Anders Celsius http://www.energy.ca.gov/education/scientists/celsius.html
c) Celsius Temperature Scale http://users.bart.nl/~sante/engtemp.html
d) Heat Energy and Temperature http://www.math.montana.edu/~frankw/ccp/modeling/continuous/
e) More Units of Heat http://techweb.ceat.okstate.edu/eet/Thermodynamics/chapter1/sld014.htm
f) Temperature http://techweb.ceat.okstate.edu/eet/Thermodynamics/chapter1/sld023.htm
g) Temperature and Heat http://www.hcc.hawaii.edu/hccinfo/instruct/div5/sci/sci122/newton/heat/heattemp.html#temp
8. Materials needed:
a) student computer with internet access
b) additional chemistry references
c) Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin thermometers
d) calorimeters or materials to construct simple calorimeters (styrofoam cups)
e) waterheatflow2/energytemp.htm
Assessment help
Identification of significant temperatures on the three scales will be evaluated for completeness and correctness:
• freezing point of water
• boiling point of water
• absolute zero
Calculation of the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of the water for the four trials in the calorimeter experiment should be assessed for correctness.
(The formula heat = mass of substance x change in temperature may need to be provided for the students.)
• freezing point of water
• boiling point of water
• absolute zero
Calculation of the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of the water for the four trials in the calorimeter experiment should be assessed for correctness.
(The formula heat = mass of substance x change in temperature may need to be provided for the students.)
Enrichment / Alternative Activity help
Enrichment:
a) Explain in detail how a thermometer works.
b) Using a blank thermometer (may be obtained from Carolina Biological) and a grease pencil, located 0 and 100 on the Celsius scale.
Cross-Curricular Connections
Language Arts: Write and illustrate a childrens' book on how a thermometer works.
Mathematics: Graph your results from the calorimeter experiment. Use a bar graph to show the four samples you examined for heat requirements.
Mathematics: Convert 20oC to Fahrenheit.
Convert 120oF to degrees Centigrade.
a) Explain in detail how a thermometer works.
b) Using a blank thermometer (may be obtained from Carolina Biological) and a grease pencil, located 0 and 100 on the Celsius scale.
Cross-Curricular Connections
Language Arts: Write and illustrate a childrens' book on how a thermometer works.
Mathematics: Graph your results from the calorimeter experiment. Use a bar graph to show the four samples you examined for heat requirements.
Mathematics: Convert 20oC to Fahrenheit.
Convert 120oF to degrees Centigrade.
Technology Requirements/Integration help
Technology Requirements:
1. A student computer
2. Internet Access
3. Graphics/Drawing software such as Microsoft Paint or Kid Pix.
4. A printer (if possible color)
Integration:
Students will utilize Internet and print resources to research the three temperature scales and provide diagrams created in computer applications based upon their research.
1. A student computer
2. Internet Access
3. Graphics/Drawing software such as Microsoft Paint or Kid Pix.
4. A printer (if possible color)
Integration:
Students will utilize Internet and print resources to research the three temperature scales and provide diagrams created in computer applications based upon their research.